Boundary conditions of the demand profile in the Sympheny Database

The demand profiles in Sympheny are based on the profiles generated by the Fraunhofer. In the WebApp, the source is given as https://www.fraunhofer.de/en.html. Note that the final profiles used within Sympheny are scaled based on the Energy intensity (kWh/m2/year) or Total annual demand (kWh/year) entered by the users.

When selecting an energy intensity marked ‘SIA 2024:2015', a modified version of the Fraunhofer profiles are used. Indeed, the SIA 2024:2015 give an energy intensity as well as a power intensity, which are not always simultaneously matched by the Fraunhofer profiles. As such, the energy intensity and max peak according to SIA 2024 were fitted to the corresponding Fraunhofer profiles (which is stated in the source displayed in the information panel of the profile).

One must distinguish between two types of profiles, Residential and Non-residential profiles, as their generation is based on different models, both developed by the Fraunhofer institute.

All profiles were generated using the weather data of Zürich, 2018 ( Zuerich_2018.csv).

Residential profiles

The Residential profiles are generated using the SynPro tool in 2020 (https://synpro-lastprofile.de/ ).

Multi-family-house MFH

The simulation is based on a renovated building constructed up until 1978 with a typical use of a small multi-family dwelling (up to 10 units). U-values for walls, windows and roof are 0.3 W/m2.K, 0.5 W/m2.K, respectively 0.2 W/m2.K.

The following parameters are used:

Window-to-wall ratio: 0.23

Area-to-volume ratio: 0.43

Set-points:

Heating: 20°C

Cooling: 24°C

Single-family-house SFH

The simulation is based on a one occupant renovated building constructed up until 1978. U-values for walls, windows and roof are 0.3 W/m2.K, 0.5 W/m2.K, respectively 0.2 W/m2.K.

The following parameters are used:

Window-to-wall ratio: 0.19

Area-to-volume ratio: 0.92

Set-points:

Heating: 20°C

Cooling: 24°C

Non-residential profiles

The Non-residential profiles are generated using the SyntoGHD tool in 2020: (

). The simulation is based on the following building age classes:

Offices: 2002 until today

Hospitals, Restaurants, Schools and Shops: until 1978, renovated

The following parameters are used:

Set-points:

Heating: 20°C

Cooling: 26°C